The arthrosis of the hip joint (Coksartrosis) is a chronic, gradually progressive disease, in the absence of timely and adequate treatment, can cause a complete loss of movement in it.The end suggests that an inflammatory process prevails, but a degenerative process.
The symptoms of this disease differ according to the stadium.At the beginning, this is barely evident a discomfort that occurs when walking and physical exercises.Perhaps the manifestation in the form of weak pain in the thigh, which passes at rest.In this case, the pain can be felt not only in the thigh, but also to the groin or knee.
As a rule, Coxartrosis is a process that loses for many years, characterized by a gradual change in cartilage, followed by the deformation of bones and the loss of joint functionality.He mainly identifies people after 40 years, but there are also very young patients.
Causes
Why does the arthrosis of the hip joint occurs and what is it?The causes of coxartrosis can be different, but the picture of the disease is always the same.It all starts with changes in the joint cartilage, which is thinner and loses the property of cushioning the loads.The body compensates for the stratification of the cartilage tissue from the formation of bone growths along the edge of the joint surfaces, which leads to the deformation of the joints and bones of various degrees.
The main causes of this joint disease:
- Injury.This cause may not be an important injury, but in many cases chronic microtrauma influence the development of the disease that contribute to the cracking and thinning of the cartilage.They also affect the anguish of the joint capsule, leading to the accumulation of a lot of damage.Repeated microtrauma are often the precursor of the appearance of this disease.
- Excessive loadsleading to systematic microtrauma, as well as joint lesions.Very often, this is found in people engaged in heavy physical work or professional athletes.In this case, the treatment without changing the lifestyle or load restrictions is also ineffective and is often accompanied by relapses.
- Hereditary predisposition.This includes anomalies in the development of the femoral head itself, the underdevelopment of the joint elements and so on.In this case, the dysplastic arthrosis thus called for the hip joint occurs.
- Illnesses.For example, arthritis, in the absence of adequate treatment, can degenerate into arthrosis over time.This is due to the fact that during arthritis the properties of the change of cartilage tissue, circulatory disorders occur.Gradually, this leads to the development of a degenerative process.
- Excess body weight.Excess body weight, even when walking, has a load on the joints that exceed their physiological strength limits.
Depending on the cause of the development of the disease and its pathogenesis, 2 main types of arthrosis of the hip joint are distinguished.
- Primary Coksartrosis.In this case, the disease develops very slowly and begins with the blood supply compromised to the tissues.The reasons for the development of this type of arthrosis are rooted in violation of the metabolism, which is more characteristic of people over the age of 50.The primary arthrosis of the hip joint is the most commonly diagnosed.
- Secondary Coksartrosis.In this case, the disease develops against the background of the systemic inflammatory lesion of many body joints.Inflammation can be both contagious and autoimmune.
In the initial phase of patients' coksartrosis, only a slight pain or a sense of discomfort is concerned in the area of the joint.Often these signs are ignored, following which the disease progresses.
Symptoms of arthrosis of the hip joint
Coksartrosis of the hip joint, whose symptoms cannot be ignored, can lead to serious consequences.There are several basic signs of the disease that depend on the stage of the disease:
- The pain in the joint is the most obvious symptom with which you can take on any TBS disease.The intensity and nature of the sensations usually depend on the stadium.
- Limiting the mobility of the limb is also a symptom of coxartrosis.For the initial phase, the feeling of the "constraint" of the joint, which passes after a certain load, is characteristic.
- The weakening of the hip muscles can already be observed in the second phase of the disease, reaching the third to complete atrophy.
- Changing the length of the leg due to the deformation of the pelvis is characteristic of the "neglected" osteoartrite.
- Lady or change of pace is a very likely sign of bone deformation.
- A distinct creaking in the joint is far from always a sign of arthrosis.Usually taken into consideration if there are other symptoms.
The main feature of Coxartrosis is pain, whose nature, its duration, location and intensity depend on the stage of the disease.
Arthrosis of the hip joint of the 1st degree
This phase of the disease is characterized by pain in the joint and thigh, sometimes in the knee that occur after physical activity and attenuates after rest.The mobility of the joint is not limited and there are no violations of the pace.
Coksartrosis of the 1st degree is the initial phase of the disease, starting whose treatment, it is still possible to stop the process of destruction and deformation of the joint and preserve its functions in full.But, unfortunately, many do not consider seeing a doctor because of the weak pain in the joint and the disease, in the meantime, progresses.
Arthos of the hip joint 2 degrees
It manifests itself more clearly: the intensity of pain grows, occurs not only after the load, but also at rest, there is a limitation of motor functions.In particular, Coksartrosis is characterized by difficulties in the execution of the pronation (rotation of the thigh inwards) and abduction, contracture is formed.
In an X -ray examination, we see a narrowing of the joint space and the appearance on the surfaces of bone growth.The swivel cavity and the head of the femur are deformed.The muscles of the thigh on the side of the lesion are starting to atrophy and the pain syndrome spreads underneath, capturing both the joint of the knee and the inguinal region (it is important to understand that this will not be accompanied by dystrophic changes in the knee joint).
Artosis of the hip joint 3 degrees
The signs of the disease are pronounced and constant.Pain syndrome overtakes at night.When walking, the patient uses support.The muscles of the lower part of the leg and hips are gradually atrophy and the sick leg of the sick person becomes much shorter.
Often, in the 3rd degree, the joint gap disappears completely and the joints grow together in a single bone structure, this shows a picture.Consequently, the complete immobility of the joint occurs.
The radiographs determine extended bone growths on the side of the roof of the swivel and from the head of the femur, a strong narrowing of the joint gap.The femoral neck is significantly expanded and abbreviated.
Diagnostics
Before finding out how to treat the arthrosis of the hip joint, it is necessary to correctly diagnose.In case of suspicion of coksartrosis, a person will be aimed at conducting a biochemical blood test - in the presence of a disease, patients have a slight increase in ESR, globulins, immunoglobulins and sierumucoids.
The next phase in the detection of arthrosis is a X -ray photo will identify:
- Manage the cartilage,
- Bone growth on the border of cartilage,
- narrowing of the distance between the joints,
- Compaction of the bone tissue under the cartilage.
Unfortunately, a X -ray photo does not allow joint capsule and cartilage itself, if you need to obtain information on these soft tissues, the patient will be directed to the tomography.
Treatment of arthrosis of the hip joint
With the arthrosis diagnosed with the hip joint, the treatment will depend directly on the stadium in which the disease is located.The general treatment scheme provides for the achievement of the following objectives:
- eliminate pain and discomfort in the scoring joint area;
- Establish the nutrition of intra -articular cartilage and start the restoration process;
- eliminate the lack of intraarticular fluid;
- activate microcirculation in joint tissues;
- eliminate an increase in the load on the hip joint;
- strengthen the muscles surrounding, protect and maintain the joints;
- Prevent deformation and increase mobility in the thigh joint.
All this can only be achieved with the help of an integrated approach, which should include not only drug therapy, but also a change in lifestyle in order to get rid of the risk factors of coxarthrosis.
- In the third phase of the disease, the treatment provides for surgery, during which the articulation is replaced by an endoprotesis, while part of the prosthesis is imprisoned in the femur and part in the pelvic.The operation is quite complicated, for a long time in time and requires a long period of rehabilitation.
- With the degree of arthrosis I and II of the hip joint, the treatment is carried out without surgery.Used: anti -inflammatory non -seroidal drugs, muscle relaxants, chondroprotectors, vasodilated drugs, hormonal steroid drugs, local drugs -ungi, lotions, compressed.
All these drugs are prescribed exclusively by the attending physician.Some of them are effective in the form of injections directly in the affected joint region.These injections can only be done by qualified medical personnel.Therefore, the car -marment is not rigorously recommended.
Non -pharmacological methods
In addition to the use of drugs, doctors recommend non -pharmacological methods to combat disease.These include the following methods for the treatment of this disease:
- physiotherapy;
- massage;
- Joint breeding;
- diet.
The physiotherapy used for arthrosis includes the following types of treatment:
- magnetotherapy;
- Uhf and ultrasound therapy;
- Aeroion and electrotherapy;
- Editermia;
- phototherapy;
- The use of laser technology.
All these methods can only be used to improve the flow of blood to the joints and relieve spasms.
Drug therapy
The combined treatment of hilly hooks involves the appointment of the following groups of drugs:
- Non steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs, everyone eliminates pain, relieve inflammatory processes, but do not restore cartilage tissues.
- Condroprotectors.Preparations for the nutrition of the cartilage tissue.Accelerate its restoration.Important in phase 1.2 of the treatment of osteoarthritis.With 3 degrees of illness, cartilage is already destroyed, these drugs will be useless.You have to take drugs for a long time, follow some courses.
- MusorelassantEliminating muscle cramps in the scoring joints area contribute to the improvement of the influx of tissue blood.
- Ointments and creams.Therapeutic ointments must alleviate the condition of a sick person, but do not contribute to a complete recovery.Heating ointments are suitable.They irritate skin receptors and therefore reduce pain syndrome.Heating ointments also work to restore greater blood circulation in the tissues and muscles located around the sick joint.
- Steroid injections in the joint cavity, the injections of these drugs are prescribed to alleviate the exacerbation of the disease and eliminate severe pain.
- Vasodilative drugs, expand the ships inside the joint cavity and close to it, thus improving the delivery of the nutrients necessary to restore the tissues.
It is not necessary to count on the popular remedies of the treatment.But some healers recommend lemon tincture, garlic or celery root for the treatment of joints and bones.
Massage in the treatment of coxartrosis
With the deformation of arthrosis of the hip joint, massage treatment gives good results.Coxartrosis massage is a very effective and useful method.It is desirable that the massage is carried out by a good specialist and as often as possible.
Its effect aims to improve blood circulation, strengthen muscles, remove a painful spasm, swelling and muscle tension, as well as an increase in diastase between the joint joints.
In the absence of a professional masseur, the massage can be done by itself.The osteoarthritis massage can be performed both manually and using various massage devices and even water jets (hydrokinesotherapy).
Gymnastics
The treatment of arthrosis of the hip joint with physical education lies in reaching two tasks: increasing the mobility of the legs and preventing muscle atrophy.All standard LFK complexes for Coksartrosis also have a general strengthening nature and a positive effect on the entire body.
The gymnastic exercises complex is prescribed by a specialist.The first couple of medical physical education should take place under the supervision of a doctor.It will show how to perform each movement correctly and also check the adequate load on the hip joints.
Diet
Main recommendations:
- Give preference to the porridge on the water.
- Use a sufficient amount of animal proteins: fish (except salty), poultry meat, beef.
- Use at least 5 portions of vegetables per day (a portion - 100 grams, can be used as a side dish).
- Mandatory lactiero products -Requirement: ricotta, yogurt, fermented.
- Exclude alcohol, coffee, strong black tea.
- Exclude sweet, flour.
- Eat a little, but often.
The diet will reduce the load on the hip joints and provide them with everything you need to restore the tissues.